Achieving Public Health Impact Through Research (APHIR)

This study will develop a multi-country collaboration to investigate the preventive value of IIV during pregnancy using retrospective cohort and case-control study designs. Specifically, we aim to:
1. Estimate influenza inactivated vaccine (IIV) effectiveness in preventing acute respiratory or febrile hospitalizations during pregnancy associated with influenza virus infection confirmed by molecular diagnostics including real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR), and where possible stratify vaccine effectiveness (VE) estimates by country or region, influenza (sub)type, year/season, and trimester of pregnancy
2. Describe the clinical characteristics, treatment, and course of influenza among hospitalized pregnant women. For study sites with well-characterized source populations, we will estimate the incidence of influenza hospitalization during pregnancy.

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