Recreational cannabis legalization (RCL) has high potential to lead to increases in adolescent cannabis use and related health conditions, but few studies have examined this question and results are mixed. Using data from adolescents in KPNC''s large integrated health care…
The goal of this study is to use electronic medical records from 2016 to 2020 to evaluate the protective effect of MenB-4C vaccine against gonococcal infections among 16- to 23-year-old persons.
This study examines associations between different degrees of adherence to components of the Family Based Therapy model of care for adolescent eating disorders and clinical quality outcomes among the outpatient programs in medical centers across Kaiser Permanente Northern California. We…
This prospective, observational cohort study, an extension of clinical trial V503-069, will enroll and administer a second dose of 9vHPV to approximately 200 children/teens ages 10 to 15 who received their first 9vHPV vaccine at least 1 year prior. These…
This phase I open-label dose-finding study will evaluate the safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of a Sars-Cov-2 RNA vaccine candidate against COVID-19 in healthy 12-year-old children.
This study will evaluate extended 2-dose regimens in boys and girls ages 10 to 15 who previously received 1 dose of 9vHPV vaccine and did not complete the series and in HPV vaccine-naive boys and girls ages 9 to 14.…
This study aimed to pilot systematic gender identity screening during adolescent well checks and examine perceptions of feasibility and acceptability of screening from adolescents, parents/guardians, and clinicians. Adolescents aged 12-18 years with a well visit between July 1, 2018, and…
This is a Brighton Collaboration Case Definition of the term "Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children and Adults (MIS-C/A)" to be utilized in the evaluation of adverse events following immunization. The case definition was developed by topic experts convened by the…
Midlife cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) increase risk of dementia. Black Americans experience an elevated prevalence of CVRF and dementia. However, little is known of how CVRF prior to midlife affect late-life cognition. We examined CVRF in adolescence, young adulthood, and…
Establish an interdisciplinary Autism Intervention Research Network on Physical Health node that will lead, promote, and coordinate national research activities to improve the physical health and well-being of individuals with autism spectrum disorder across the lifespan, including children and adolescents…
This study will evaluate extended 2-dose regimens in 2 different populations: (1) boys and girls 10 to 15 years of age who previously received 1 dose of 9vHPV vaccine and did not complete the series and (2) HPV vaccine-naive boys…
In the United States, >45,000 adolescent and young adult (AYA) women are diagnosed with cancer annually. Reproductive issues are critically important to AYA cancer survivors, but insufficient information is available to address their concerns. The AYA Horizon Study was initiated…
Youth with autism spectrum disorder often have complex medical needs. Disruptions of healthcare during the transition from pediatric to adult healthcare may put youth with autism spectrum disorder at higher risk of medical emergencies and high medical costs. To understand…
The transition from pediatric to adult care is a critical inflection point for the long-term health of youth with autism spectrum disorders and other special health care needs. However, for many patients, their caregivers, and providers, the transition lacks coordination.…
Girls who experience early-life familial stress may have heightened risk of early puberty, which has adverse implications for adolescent and adult health. We assessed the association between household intactness and pubertal onset using a racially/ethnically diverse cohort of girls from…
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of ubiquitous, environmental chemicals that may have endocrine disrupting capabilities. We investigated whether childhood exposure to PAHs was associated with adiposity and pubertal timing in a longitudinal study of 404 girls enrolled in…
Primary care visits present an opportunity to reduce tobacco use and tobacco smoke exposure (TSE) among adolescents. To date, few studies have examined tobacco-related electronic health record (EHR) documentation in adolescent visits. The purpose of this study was to (1)…
To conduct an evidence-based review of adolescent self-report depression measures and to demonstrate how various measures can be rescored onto a harmonized metric. Six widely used person-reported outcome measures (PROMs) were reviewed. Psychometric properties were evaluated using previously published guidance…
The importance of addressing adverse financial effects of cancer among adolescents and young adults (AYAs) is paramount as survival improves. In the current study, the authors examined whether cancer-related employment disruption was associated with financial hardship among female AYA cancer…
Biospecimens are tools that have the potential to improve early identification and treatment for autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and bipolar disorders (BPD). Unfortunately, most biobanks lack racial/ethnic diversity. One challenge to including a diverse sample of youth is recruiting and…
This paper explores Latinx adolescents' perceptions of power dynamics with authority around them. We seek to inform how community-based professionals engage with and seek to understand members of this population. We conducted a critical discourse analysis of data collected during…
Inadequate sleep duration and quality increase the risk of obesity. Sleep timing, while less studied, is important in adolescents because increasing evening preferences (chronotypes), early school start times, and irregular sleep schedules may cause circadian misalignment. To investigate associations of…
The goal of this project is to describe the normative distributions of pubertal development among boys and girls by race/ethnicity and to investigate early-life risk factors affecting pubertal onset and tempo (velocity of transition between onset and maturation). We will…
Age at female puberty is associated with adult morbidities, including breast cancer and diabetes. Hormonally active chemicals are suspected of altering pubertal timing. We examined whether persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are associated with age at menarche in a longitudinal study.…
This study explores the enduring impact of screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) delivered in pediatric primary care, on young adults. We will examine substance use, mental health and medical outcomes, and health services utilization and cost over…
Emerging data indicate that the timing and rhythms of energetic behaviors may influence metabolism and obesity risk. Our aim was to derive diurnal rest-activity patterns from actigraphy in adolescents and analyze associations with adiposity measures and cardiometabolic risk factors. Adolescents…
Most studies on adolescent screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) have examined substance use outcomes. However, it may also impact service use and comorbidity-an understudied topic. We address this gap by examining effects of SBIRT on health care…
This study involves a partnership between Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Henry Ford Health System, and the University of Washington Social Development Research Group. The collaborators will conduct a pragmatic trial testing the feasibility and health impact of…
Cross-sectional studies suggest that postnatal blood lead (PbB) concentrations are negatively associated with child growth. Few studies prospectively examined this association in populations with lower PbB concentrations. We investigated longitudinal associations of childhood PbB concentrations and subsequent anthropometric measurements in…
This study aims to: 1) assess reproductive intentions and receipt of fertility counseling or preservation in relation to post-diagnosis birth outcomes among adolescent and young adult cancer survivors in North Carolina and the Kaiser Permanente Northern California and Kaiser Permanente…
In light of waning immunity to pertussis following receipt of tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine, maintaining protection may require repeated Tdap vaccination. We evaluated the safety of repeated doses of tetanus-containing vaccine in 68 915 nonpregnant…
This project examines aspects of end-of-life care for people diagnosed with adolescent and young adult cancers (ages 15 to 39 years). Current measures of end-of-life care quality were designed for older adults; a coherent set of measures to characterize high-quality…
Early puberty is associated with adverse health outcomes. We investigated whether in utero exposure to maternal obesity is associated with daughters' pubertal timing using 15,267 racially/ethnically diverse Kaiser Permanente Northern California members aged 6-11 years with pediatrician-assessed Tanner staging (2003-2017).…
: media-1vid110.1542/5778442247001PEDS-VA_2017-4085Video Abstract BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Shorter sleep duration is associated with childhood obesity. Few studies measure sleep quantity and quality objectively or examine cardiometabolic biomarkers other than obesity. This cross-sectional study of 829 adolescents derived sleep duration, efficiency and…
Few population-based studies have focused on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in adolescent and young adult (AYA; 15-39 years) cancer survivors and none have considered whether CVD risk differs by sociodemographic factors. Analyses focused on 79,176 AYA patients diagnosed with 14 first…
Understanding the magnitude of mental health problems, particularly life-threatening ones, experienced by transgender and/or gender nonconforming (TGNC) youth can lead to improved management of these conditions. Electronic medical records were used to identify a cohort of 588 transfeminine and 745…
The authors sought to describe patterns of health care use prior to first diagnosis of a psychotic disorder in a population-based sample. Electronic health records and insurance claims from five large integrated health systems were used to identify 624 patients…
Individuals with functional or anatomic asplenia are at high risk for meningococcal disease. We evaluated the immunogenicity and safety of 1 and 2 doses of the quadrivalent meningococcal serogroups A, C, W, Y tetanus toxoid-conjugate vaccine (MenACWY-TT) in this high-risk…
Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have a variety of medical and psychiatric conditions and an increased use of health care services. There is limited information about the prevalence of psychiatric and medical conditions in adolescents and young adults with…
Early intervention for adolescent substance use and mental health problems may mitigate potential harm. We examined patient outcomes from a pragmatic trial of two modalities of delivering screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) and usual care (UC) in…
This study aims to examine the longitudinal association between puberty and sleep in a diverse sample of girls and explore racial/ethnic differences in this association. Using latent growth curve modeling, the present study measured pubertal development (timing and rate) and…
Individuals with psychotic disorders have increased mortality, and recent research suggests a marked increase shortly after diagnosis. To use population-based data to examine overall and cause-specific mortality after first diagnosis of a psychotic disorder. This cohort study used records from…
To evaluate the safety of live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) in children 2 through 17 years of age. The study was conducted in 6 large integrated health care organizations participating in the Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD). Trivalent LAIV safety was assessed…
To quantify the incidence, timing, and risk of ischemic stroke after trauma in a population-based young cohort. We electronically identified trauma patients (
Despite robust vaccination schedules and high vaccination rates, many countries, including the U.S., have seen large pertussis outbreaks with a shift in recent years in the distribution of disease burden towards adolescents and young adults. Areas covered: This perspective covers…
Post-diagnosis fertility is a critical issue for adolescent and young adult cancer survivors (diagnosed at age 15 to 39 years), with little information on the impact of cancer diagnosis and treatment on pregnancy outcomes. This study focuses on five leading…
Many adolescents needing specialty addiction or psychiatry treatment never access care. We examined initiation and engagement with addiction and/or psychiatry treatment among adolescents referred to treatment from a trial comparing two different modalities of delivering Screening, Brief Intervention and Referral…
Animal data suggest sexually dimorphic programming of obesity in response to altered intrauterine environment, but the longitudinal impact of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on sex-specific risk of offspring obesity in humans is unclear. We conducted a prospective analysis of 15 009…
Background: Epidemiologic evidence regarding niacin, folate, vitamin B-6, and vitamin B-12 intake in relation to cognitive function is limited, especially in midlife.Objective: We hypothesize that higher intake of these B vitamins in young adulthood is associated with better cognition later…
Background: Higher socioeconomic position (SEP) has been associated with increased risk of breast cancer. Its relationship with earlier age of pubertal onset, a risk factor for breast cancer, is less clear.Methods: We studied the relationship of SEP to pubertal onset…
Background: High mammographic density is strongly associated with increased breast cancer risk. Some, but not all, risk factors for breast cancer are also associated with higher mammographic density.Methods: The study cohort (N = 24,840) was drawn from the Research Program…
Tobacco smoke contains known hormonally active chemicals and reproductive toxicants. Several studies have examined prenatal maternal smoking and offspring age at menarche, but few examined earlier pubertal markers, nor accounted for exposure during childhood. Our objective was to examine pre-…
BackgroundDietary phytoestrogens may alter hormonal activity in childhood. Flavonols and lignans are the most prevalent phytoestrogens in the Western diet. We examined whether higher intake of flavonols and lignans was associated with later age at menarche in a prospective study…
Animal studies suggest that bisphenol A (BPA) may perturb pubertal development in females. However, evidence from human studies is limited. This was a cross-sectional study to investigate the association between BPA exposure and pubertal development in school-aged girls. A total…
Socioeconomic status (SES) has been consistently linked to poorer access, utilization and outcomes of health care services, but this relationship has been understudied in adolescent substance abuse treatment research. This study examined SES differences in adolescent's treatment participation and long-term…
Oral contraceptives (OCs) are used by millions of women in the U.S. The requirement to obtain OCs by prescription from a clinician may serve as a barrier to contraceptive initiation and continuation for women, in particular adolescents. Over-the-counter (OTC) availability…
To study potential environmental influences on puberty in girls, we investigated urinary biomarkers in relation to age at menarche. Phenols and phthalates were measured at baseline (6-8 years of age). Menarche was ascertained over 11 years for 1051 girls with…
OBJECTIVE: Adolescents with Type 1 diabetes (T1D) are vulnerable to diabetes-related distress and often struggle to complete self-management tasks needed to maintain blood glucose values in target range. One way that youth with T1D handle problems is through avoidant coping.…
In an environment of increasingly liberal attitudes towards marijuana use and legalization, little is known about long-term trajectories of marijuana use among clinical samples of adolescents, and how these trajectories relate to health services utilization over time. Latent growth curve…
Traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) has been linked with several adverse health outcomes, including preterm birth and low birth weight, which are both related to onset of puberty. No studies to date have investigated the association between TRAP and altered pubertal…
We investigated whether in utero exposure to maternal pregravid obesity and/or gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) was associated with early puberty in girls. We used data from a longitudinal study of 421 mother-daughter pairs enrolled in an integrated health services organization,…
Adolescents with type 1 diabetes have an increased risk for a variety of emotional and behavioral challenges as well as negative diabetes outcomes. This study was designed to compare the effectiveness of a depression-prevention, resilience promotion program with an advanced…
Pubertal timing is regulated by a complex interplay of hormones. Few studies have evaluated the role of thyroid hormones in pubertal onset. We investigated the associations between blood concentrations of free and total thyroxine (FT4, TT4), free triiodothyronine, and thyroid…
BACKGROUND: The majority of knowledge related to implementation of family-based substance use prevention programs is based on programs delivered in school and community settings. The aim of this study is to examine procedures related to implementation effectiveness and quality of…
Early intervention for substance use is critical to improving adolescent outcomes. Studies have found promising results for Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT), but little research has examined implementation. To compare SBIRT implementation in pediatric primary care among…
INTRODUCTION: Treatment of tobacco use in mental health settings is rare despite high rates of comorbidity. With a focus on early intervention, we evaluated a tobacco treatment intervention among adolescents and young adults recruited from outpatient, school-based, and residential mental…
To examine the association of breastfeeding or its duration with timing of girls' pubertal onset, and the role of BMI as a mediator in these associations. A population of 1,237 socio-economically and ethnically diverse girls, ages 6-8 years, was recruited…
There is growing evidence of pubertal maturation occurring at earlier ages, with many studies based on cross-sectional observations. This study examined age at onset of breast development (thelarche), and the impact of BMI and race/ethnicity, in the 3 puberty study…
This study investigated links between interparental conflict appraisals (specifically threat and self-blame), sibling relationship quality (positive and negative dimensions), and anxiety in sibling pairs comprised of an adolescent and a younger sibling close in age. Sibling relationship quality was measured…
The purpose of this study was to determine whether e-mail contact is a viable method for gathering information from adolescent women about contraceptive use. Adolescent women initiating contraception followed in a prospective longitudinal cohort study and who had access to…
OBJECTIVES: To measure intensive care unit (ICU) admission, intubation, decompressive craniotomy, and outcomes at discharge in a large population-based study of children with ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. METHODS: In a retrospective study of all children enrolled in a Northern Californian…
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate use of a single-tablet (levonorgestrel 1.5 mg) emergency contraceptive administered to young females under simulated over-the-counter conditions. Secondary objectives were to assess repeat use, pregnancy, and adverse events. METHODS: Females aged 11-17 years requesting emergency contraception at…
Youth in disadvantaged neighborhoods are at risk for poor health outcomes. Characteristics of these neighborhoods may translate into intensified risk due to barriers utilizing preventive care such as substance use prevention programs. While family-level risks affect recruitment into prevention programs;…
BACKGROUND: Primiparity has been associated with 3 to 4 mg/dL lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations in black and white adult women that persist several years after delivery. OBJECTIVE: To examine the lasting effects of adolescent pregnancy on blood lipids, an…
Mothers were allowed to choose between two different family-based adolescent alcohol-drug prevention strategies and the choice was examined in relation to parent and teen characteristics. Under real world conditions, parents are making choices regarding health promotion strategies for their adolescents…
This paper used data from a study of pediatric primary care provider (PCP) screening practices to examine barriers to and facilitators of adolescent alcohol and other drug (AOD) screening in pediatric primary care. A web-based survey (N?=?437) was used to…
The study investigated the genetic and environmental etiology of schizotypal personality traits in a non-selected sample of adolescent twins, measured on two occasions between the ages of 11 and 16 years old. The 22-item Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire- Child version (SPQ-C)…
PURPOSE: Numerous studies show associations between father absence and girls' early puberty. However, most research has been retrospective, focused on menarche, and failed to consider body mass index (BMI), ethnicity, and income in the analyses. This study resolves these scientific…
OBJECTIVE: Premature infants have increased health care utilization after initial discharge compared with term infants. Young maternal age has been shown to impact health care utilization among term infants, but little is known about the impact of maternal age on…
OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to describe the assessment methods and maturation status for a multisite cohort of girls at baseline recruitment and at ages 7 and 8 years. METHODS: The method for pubertal maturation staging was developed…
Reliability and validity of intervention studies are impossible without adequate program fidelity, as it ensures that the intervention was implemented as designed and allows for accurate conclusions about effectiveness (Bellg AJ, Borrelli B, Resnick B et al. Enhancing treatment fidelity…
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether adolescent obesity is associated with difficulties in becoming pregnant later in life. DESIGN: Cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from a longitudinal cohort. SETTING: Multiethnic, community-based observational study of U.S. women. PATIENT(S): Three thousand one hundred fifty-four…
OBJECTIVE:To examine whether anthropometric measurements, blood pressure (BP), fasting total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein are related to ultrasound measures of carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in children and teenagers with no known risk factors for cardiovascular disease.STUDY DESIGN:This cross-sectional study included…
With considerable literature establishing how separate types of violence disrupt the lives of children, there is emerging interest in examining violence across multiple interpersonal domains. This article examines four commonly occurring and frequently researched domains of violence exposure: marital physical…
PURPOSE: Alcohol and drug problems are associated with medical problems among adults. Research on the relationship of adolescent alcohol and drug use disorders to specific medical problems is less developed and focused on acute consequences. This study addresses gaps in…
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