Gunderson, Erica P.
Treatment Initiation for New Episodes of Depression in Pregnant Women
This study will use rigorous methods and rich health care data from a diverse, multi-site study population to study psychotherapy and antidepressant treatments for new episodes of depression during pregnancy. Analyses will include examination of infant outcomes and breastfeeding.
The Association of Lactation Duration with Visceral and Pericardial Fat Volumes in Parous Women: the CARDIA Study
Lactation is associated with lower risks for cardiovascular disease in women. Organ-related adiposity, which plays significant roles in the development of cardiometabolic diseases, could help explain this observation. We evaluated the association of lactation duration with visceral (VAT) and pericardial…
Adverse Childhood Experiences and Early and Continued Breastfeeding: Findings from an Integrated Health Care Delivery System
Purpose: To examine whether adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with breastfeeding behaviors. Methods: Women in three Kaiser Permanente Northern California medical centers were screened for ACEs during standard prenatal care (N = 926). Multivariable binary and multinomial logistic regression was used…
Pregnancy-related relapses and breastfeeding in a contemporary multiple sclerosis cohort
To determine whether women with multiple sclerosis (MS) diagnosed according to current criteria are at an increased risk of postpartum relapses and to assess whether this risk is modified by breastfeeding or MS disease-modifying therapies (DMTs), we examined the electronic…
Management of Cannabis Use in Breastfeeding Women: The Untapped Potential of Certified Lactation Consultants
Recent increases in maternal cannabis use, in combination with rapidly changing cannabis policies in the United States, pose a unique threat to maternal and child health. To date, 33 states and the District of Columbia (D.C.) have legalized medicinal cannabis,…
Association of breastfeeding and gestational diabetes mellitus with the prevalence of prediabetes and the metabolic syndrome in offspring of Hispanic mothers
The effects of breastfeeding (BF) on metabolic syndrome (MetS) and diabetes mellitus in children exposed to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in utero have rarely been evaluated. This study assessed BF and GDM in relation to the prevalence of prediabetes and…
Identification and validation of uterine perforation, intrauterine device expulsion, and breastfeeding in four health care systems with electronic health records
To validate algorithms identifying uterine perforations and intrauterine device (IUD) expulsions and to ascertain availability of breastfeeding status at the time of IUD insertion. Four health care systems with electronic health records (EHRs) participated: Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC), Kaiser…
Longer lactation duration is associated with decreased prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in women
Lactation lowers blood glucose and triglycerides, and increases insulin sensitivity. We hypothesized that a longer duration of lactation would be associated with lower prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is the leading cause of chronic liver disease in…
Study on the Association of Uterine Perforation and IUD expulsion With Breastfeeding Status at the Time of IUD insertion and Postpartum Timing of IUD Insertion in Electronic Medical Record Databases – A Post-marketing Requirement for Mirena
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has required Bayer AG to conduct a post-marketing study in the U.S. to determine the incidence of uterine perforation and IUD expulsion by type of intrauterine device (IUD) used. The goal of this study…
Breastfeeding and later maternal risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease – The role of overall and abdominal obesity
In this study, we examined how any, full, and partial breastfeeding durations were associated with maternal risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease (CVD), and how prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference 7 years postpartum influenced these associations. A total…
Breastfeeding and growth during infancy among offspring of mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus: a prospective cohort study
Breastfeeding (BF) may protect against obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus in children exposed to maternal diabetes in utero, but its effects on infant growth among this high-risk group have rarely been evaluated. The objective of this study was to…
Health Care Utilization in the First Month after Birth and Its Relationship to Newborn Weight Loss and Method of Feeding
Guidelines recommend closer outpatient follow-up for exclusively breastfed newborns, especially those with pronounced weight loss, because of increased risk of hyperbilirubinemia and dehydration that might require readmission. Our objective was to determine how feeding method and weight loss are associated…
Lactation Duration and Progression to Diabetes in Women Across the Childbearing Years: The 30-Year CARDIA Study
Lactation duration has shown weak protective associations with incident diabetes (3%-15% lower incidence per year of lactation) in older women based solely on self-report of diabetes, studies initiated beyond the reproductive period are vulnerable to unmeasured confounding or reverse causation…
Hospital Supplementation Differentially Impacts the Association Between Breastfeeding Intention and Duration Among Women With and Without Gestational Diabetes Mellitus History
Little is known about how in-hospital supplementation with water, infant formula, or sugar water affects the relationship between breastfeeding intentions and duration, and whether this differs by gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) history. Our study objectives were to assess the associations…
In-Hospital Breastfeeding Experiences Among Women with Gestational Diabetes
In-hospital experiences among women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) could impact breastfeeding success. We sought (1) to determine changes in the prevalence of hospital breastfeeding experiences between 2004-2008 and 2009-2011 among women with GDM and women without diabetes; (2) to…
Predictors of Breastfeeding Initiation and Maintenance in an Integrated Healthcare Setting
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends exclusive breastfeeding to age 6 months. Although breastfeeding rates in the United States have been increasing over time, further improvements are needed to meet Healthy People 2020 targets. Research aim: This study examined predictors…
Infant Temperament and Early Infant Growth and Child Overweight in GDM Offspring
The NIH-funded Study of Women, Infant Feeding and Type 2 Diabetes (SWIFT) is a prospective cohort study of 1,035 postpartum women with a recent pregnancy complicated by gestational diabetes who were recruited from 2008 to 2011, and attended three in-person…
Lactation and Incidence of Diabetes Mellitus in CARDIA Women
The goals of our study are to prospectively examine whether longer duration of lactation is associated with development of type 2 diabetes in women of reproductive age during the 25-year CARDIA study period (1986-2011) and assess changes in risk factors.…
Predictive Models for Characterizing Disparities in Exclusive Breastfeeding Performance in a Multi-ethnic Population in the US.
OBJECTIVES: Maternal lactation performance varies across populations, yet the relative impact of maternal sociodemographics, perinatal factors, and birth outcomes on disparities in exclusive breastfeeding (XBR) outcomes is not well known. We aimed to develop predictive models and compare the relative…
Lactation and Progression to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus After Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Cohort Study
Lactation improves glucose metabolism, but its role in preventing type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) after gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) remains uncertain. To evaluate lactation and the 2-year incidence of DM after GDM pregnancy. Prospective, observational cohort of women with recent…
Maternal prepregnancy waist circumference and BMI in relation to gestational weight gain and breastfeeding behavior: the CARDIA study
Studies suggest that gestational weight gain (GWG) and breastfeeding behavior may influence long-term maternal abdominal fat mass. However, this could be confounded by abdominal fat mass before pregnancy because it is unknown whether abdominal fat mass, independently of body size,…
Lactation Duration and Midlife Atherosclerosis
To evaluate lactation duration in relation to subsequent atherosclerosis in women during midlife. The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study is a multicenter prospective cohort that enrolled 2,787 women in 1985-1986 (ages 18-30 years, 52% black, 48% white),…
Longer breastfeeding duration reduces the positive relationships among gestational weight gain, birth weight and childhood anthropometrics.
BACKGROUND: The relationship between gestational weight gain (GWG) and childhood growth remains controversial. An examination on whether infant feeding practices mediate this relationship may improve our understanding of it. METHODS: We investigated whether the relationships among GWG, birth weight and…
Early weight loss nomograms for formula fed newborns
To develop nomograms depicting percentiles of weight loss by hour of age for both vaginal and cesarean-delivered newborns who are exclusively formula fed. Data regarding delivery mode, race/ethnicity, feeding type, and weights were extracted from electronic medical records of the…
Breastfeeding Versus Formula-Feeding and Girls’ Pubertal Development
To examine the association of breastfeeding or its duration with timing of girls' pubertal onset, and the role of BMI as a mediator in these associations. A population of 1,237 socio-economically and ethnically diverse girls, ages 6-8 years, was recruited…
The study of women, infant feeding and type 2 diabetes after GDM pregnancy and growth of their offspring (SWIFT Offspring study): prospective design, methodology and baseline characteristics
Breastfeeding is associated with reduced risk of becoming overweight or obese later in life. Breastfed babies grow more slowly during infancy than formula-fed babies. Among offspring exposed in utero to maternal glucose intolerance, prospective data on growth during infancy have…
Lactation intensity and fasting plasma lipids, lipoproteins, non-esterified free fatty acids, leptin and adiponectin in postpartum women with recent gestational diabetes mellitus: The SWIFT cohort
Lactation may influence future progression to type 2 diabetes after gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). However, biomarkers associated with progression to glucose intolerance have not been examined in relation to lactation intensity among postpartum women with previous GDM. This study investigates…
Impact of breastfeeding on maternal metabolism: implications for women with gestational diabetes
Lactating compared with nonlactating women display more favorable metabolic parameters, including less atherogenic blood lipids, lower fasting and postprandial blood glucose as well as insulin, and greater insulin sensitivity in the first 4 months postpartum. However, direct evidence demonstrating that…
Maternal prepregnancy obesity and insulin treatment during pregnancy are independently associated with delayed lactogenesis in women with recent gestational diabetes mellitus
The timely onset of stage II lactogenesis (OL) is important for successful breastfeeding and newborn health. Several risk factors for delayed OL are common in women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), which may affect their chances for…
The Role of Lactation in GDM Women
Lactating women exhibit more favorable blood glucose and insulin profiles, as well as increased insulin sensitivity than nonlactating women. Yet, much less is known about whether these favorable effects on metabolic risk factors persist long-term among women with gestational diabetes…
Randomised trial comparing hand expression with breast pumping for mothers of term newborns feeding poorly
OBJECTIVE: Breast pumping or hand expression may be recommended when newborns latch or suck poorly. A recent trial found worse outcomes among mothers who used a breast pump in the early postpartum period. The objective of this study was to…
Duration of lactation and maternal adipokines at 3 years postpartum
OBJECTIVE: Lactation has been associated with reduced maternal risk of type 2 diabetes, the metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. We examined the relationship between breastfeeding duration and maternal adipokines at 3 years postpartum. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We used linear…
Vitamin D, pregnancy, breastfeeding, and postpartum multiple sclerosis relapses
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether low levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) contribute to the increased risk of postpartum multiple sclerosis (MS) relapses. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: Outpatients identified through membership records of Kaiser Permanente Northern California or Stanford University outpatient…
Study of Women, Infant Feeding, and Type 2 diabetes mellitus after GDM pregnancy (SWIFT), a prospective cohort study: methodology and design
BACKGROUND: Women with history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes within 5 years after delivery. Evidence that lactation duration influences incident type 2 diabetes after GDM pregnancy is based on one retrospective…
Lactation and maternal risk of type 2 diabetes: a population-based study
BACKGROUND: Lactation has been associated with improvements in maternal glucose metabolism. METHODS: We explored the relationships between lactation and risk of type 2 diabetes in a well-characterized, population-representative cohort of women, aged 40-78 years, who were members of a large…
Duration of lactation and maternal metabolism at 3 years postpartum
OBJECTIVE: Lactation has been associated with reduced risk of type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome in mothers. We examined the relation between breastfeeding duration and metabolic markers at 3 years postpartum. METHODS: We used linear regression to relate duration…
Duration of lactation and incidence of the metabolic syndrome in women of reproductive age according to gestational diabetes mellitus status: a 20-Year prospective study in CARDIA (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults)
OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to prospectively assess the association between lactation duration and incidence of the metabolic syndrome among women of reproductive age. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Participants were 1,399 women (39% black, aged 18-30 years) in…
Exclusive breastfeeding and the risk of postpartum relapses in women with multiple sclerosis
OBJECTIVE: To determine if exclusive breastfeeding protects against postpartum relapses of multiple sclerosis (MS) and, if so, whether this protection is related to prolonged lactational amenorrhea. DESIGN: We conducted structured interviews to assess clinical, menstrual, and breastfeeding history during each…
Breast-feeding and diabetes: long-term impact on mothers and their infants
In the general population, breast-feeding is associated with a reduced risk of the offspring being overweight later in life by 22% to 24% across the age spectrum, from preschool children to adults. There is a dose-response gradient with increasing duration…
Lactation and changes in maternal metabolic risk factors
OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between duration of lactation and changes in maternal metabolic risk factors. METHODS: This 3-year prospective study examined changes in metabolic risk factors among lactating women from preconception to postweaning and among nonlactating women from preconception…
Clinician support and psychosocial risk factors associated with breastfeeding discontinuation
OBJECTIVE: Breastfeeding rates fall short of goals set in Healthy People 2010 and other national recommendations. The current, national breastfeeding continuation rate of 29% at 6 months lags behind the Healthy People 2010 goal of 50%. The objective of this…
Rehospitalization for neonatal dehydration: a nested case-control study
OBJECTIVES: To determine the incidence of neonatal dehydration leading to rehospitalization, whether clinical and health services data could predict its occurrence, and the outcome of dehydrated infants. METHODS: We employed a retrospective case-control design nested within a cohort of 51…
