Zhu, Yeyi
Interests include developmental origins of childhood obesity and fetal growth
Schaefer, Catherine
Research interests include the epidemiology of psychiatric and neurologic disorders.
Li, De-Kun
Research interests include pregnancy outcomes and sudden infant death syndrome.
Croen, Lisa A.
Research interests include the epidemiology of autism and other neurodevelopmental disorders.
Early Life Exposure to Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals and Child Growth, Adiposity, and Neurodevelopment – DUPLICATED DO NOT ACTIVATE
This study is evaluating whether in-utero exposures to maternal PFCs and PBDEs, individually and/or in combination, are associated with infant…
Prenatal Air Pollution Exposure and Neurodevelopment: A Review and Blueprint for a Harmonized Approach within ECHO
Air pollution exposure is ubiquitous with demonstrated effects on morbidity and mortality. A growing literature suggests that prenatal air pollution…
Household mold, pesticide use, and childhood asthma: A nationwide study in the U.S
To investigate the associations of household mold and pesticide use with risk of childhood asthma and examine the potential effect…
Metalworking Fluids and Colon Cancer Risk: Longitudinal Targeted Minimum Loss-based Estimation
Metalworking fluids (MWFs) are a class of complex mixtures of chemicals and oils, including several known carcinogens that may pose…
Bayesian Weighted Sums: A Flexible Approach to Estimate Summed Mixture Effects
Methods exist to study exposure mixtures, but each is distinct in the research question it aims to address. We propose…
SARS-CoV-2 Serological Antibody Testing for Disease Surveillance and Clinical Use
This study will assess the sero-prevalence and sero-incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Kaiser Permanente Northern California and assess correlates of…
Gestational Exposure to Phthalates and Social Responsiveness Scores in Children Using Quantile Regression: The EARLI and HOME Studies
Linear regression is often used to estimate associations between chemical exposures and neurodevelopment at the mean of the outcome. However,…
Individual and Neighborhood Factors Associated with Failure to Vaccinate against Influenza during Pregnancy
Uptake of influenza vaccine among pregnant women remains low. We investigated whether unvaccinated pregnant women were clustered geographically and determined…
Urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in relation to anthropometric measures and pubertal development in a cohort of Northern California girls
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of ubiquitous, environmental chemicals that may have endocrine disrupting capabilities. We investigated whether…
Association of Racial Residential Segregation Throughout Young Adulthood and Cognitive Performance in Middle-aged Participants in the CARDIA Study
Neighborhood-level residential segregation is implicated as a determinant for poor health outcomes in black individuals, but it is unclear whether…
Fetal and Early Postnatal Influences on Child Metabolic Health After Gestational Diabetes
This 5-year RO1 study will determine the independent contribution of fetal exposures and early postnatal lifestyle factors on subsequent development…
The Role of Genetic Risk Factors in Keratinocyte Carcinoma Susceptibility
The goal of this proposal is to identify genetic loci that affect the risk of keratinocyte carcinoma, examine how environmental…
Early Life Exposure to Air Pollution and Autism Spectrum Disorder: Findings from a Multisite Case-Control Study
Epidemiologic studies have reported associations between prenatal and early postnatal air pollution exposure and autism spectrum disorder (ASD); however, findings…
Identifying and Prioritizing Chemicals with Uncertain Burden of Exposure: Opportunities for Biomonitoring and Health-Related Research
The National Institutes of Health's Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) initiative aims to understand the impact of environmental…
A Scalable Database of Organ Doses for Common Diagnostic Fluoroscopy Procedures of Children: Procedures of Historical Practice for Use in Radiation Epidemiology Studies
Assessment of health effects from low-dose radiation exposures in patients undergoing diagnostic imaging is an active area of research. High-quality…
Cardiac Biomarkers and Risk of Incident Heart Failure in Chronic Kidney Disease: The CRIC (Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort) Study
Background Cardiac biomarkers may signal mechanistic pathways involved in heart failure (HF), a leading complication in chronic kidney disease. We…
Prediagnostic serum organochlorine insecticide concentrations and primary liver cancer: A case-control study nested within two prospective cohorts
Although experimental evidence indicates that certain organochlorine insecticides are hepatocarcinogens, epidemiologic evidence for most of these chemicals is very limited.…
Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure in Relation to Family Characteristics, Stressors and Chemical Co-Exposures in California Girls
Childhood environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure is a risk factor for adverse health outcomes and may disproportionately burden lower socioeconomic…
Perfluorooctanoate and changes in anthropometric parameters with age in young girls in the Greater Cincinnati and San Francisco Bay Area
We conducted a study of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance biomarkers, including PFOA, in girls from Greater Cincinnati (CIN, N = 353) and…
Perceived and objective characteristics of the neighborhood environment are associated with accelerometer-measured sedentary time and physical activity, the CARDIA Study
We investigated cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of neighborhood environment characteristics with accelerometer-measured sedentary time (SED), light-intensity physical activity (LPA), and…
Geospatial, Multilevel, and Contextual Approaches in Cancer Control and Population Sciences
This funding expands on neighborhood resources developed under the U01 grant (geocoded residential histories, linkage to census and area databases,…
Epigenetic marks of prenatal air pollution exposure found in multiple tissues relevant for child health
Prenatal air pollution exposure has been linked to many adverse health conditions in the offspring. However, little is known about…
Associations Between Timing of Meals, Physical Activity, Light Exposure, and Sleep With Body Mass Index in Free-Living Adults
This study tested if the timing of meals, physical activity, light exposure, and sleep cluster within individuals and are associated…
Contrasting Causal Effects of Workplace Interventions.
Occupational exposure guidelines are ideally based on estimated effects of static interventions that assign constant exposure over a working lifetime.…
Prenatal exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic field and its impact on fetal growth
Studies on the effect of prenatal exposure to magnetic field (MF) on fetal growth is inconclusive and subject to some…
Bisphenol A Exposure and Sperm ACHE Hydroxymethylation in Men
Exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) has been shown to impact human sperm quality. The epigenetic mechanisms underlying the effect remain…
A meta-analysis of two high-risk prospective cohort studies reveals autism-specific transcriptional changes to chromatin, autoimmune, and environmental response genes in umbilical cord blood
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects more than 1% of children in the USA. ASD risk…
Lead exposure during childhood and subsequent anthropometry through adolescence in girls
Cross-sectional studies suggest that postnatal blood lead (PbB) concentrations are negatively associated with child growth. Few studies prospectively examined this…
Bisphenol A and pubertal height growth in school-aged children
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an environmental endocrine disruptor and is found in many consumer products. Studies suggest that BPA may…
Particulate Air Pollution, Cardiovascular Events, and Susceptibility Factors (PACES)
This is a retrospective cohort study of 5 million adult members of Kaiser Permanente Northern California during 2000 to 2012,…
Maternal exposure to bisphenol A and anogenital distance throughout infancy: A longitudinal study from Shanghai, China
Bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the most common endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) with a ubiquitous presence. Both animal and human…
Reducing risk of Clostridium difficile infection and overall use of antibiotic in the outpatient treatment of urinary tract infection
Risk of community-acquired Clostridium difficile infection (CA-CDI) following antibiotic treatment specifically for urinary tract infection (UTI) has not been evaluated.…
The Seveso accident: A look at 40 years of health research and beyond.
A 1976 chemical factory explosion near Seveso, Italy exposed residents to high levels of 2,3,7,8-tetracholorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD or dioxin). Dioxin is…
Association of Bisphenol A Exposure with LINE-1 Hydroxymethylation in Human Semen
Bisphenol A (BPA), an exogenous endocrine-disrupting chemical, has been shown to alter DNA methylation. However, little information is available about…
AHR gene-dioxin interactions and birthweight in the Seveso Second Generation Health Study.
Background: 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is proposed to interfere with fetal growth via altered activity of the aryl hydrocarbon…
Incorporating machine learning approaches to assess putative environmental risk factors for multiple sclerosis
Multiple sclerosis (MS) incidence has increased recently, particularly in women, suggesting a possible role of one or more environmental exposures…
High-resolution mapping of traffic related air pollution with Google street view cars and incidence of cardiovascular events within neighborhoods in Oakland, CA
Some studies have linked long-term exposure to traffic related air pollutants (TRAP) with adverse cardiovascular health outcomes; however, previous studies…
Air Pollutants and Cardiovascular Risk: Investigating Thresholds with Pooled Cohorts and Electronic Health Records
This study will pool data from a set of well-established cohorts in the United States, each with appropriate outcome, residential…
Prenatal Maternal Serum Concentrations of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Association with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Intellectual Disability
Emerging work has examined neurodevelopmental outcomes following prenatal exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), but few studies have assessed…
Using Neighborhood-Level Census Data to Predict Diabetes Progression in Patients with Laboratory-Defined Prediabetes
Research on predictors of clinical outcomes usually focuses on the impact of individual patient factors, despite known relationships between neighborhood…
Neurocognitive and physical functioning in the Seveso Women’s Health Study.
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is neurotoxic in animals but few studies have investigated its effects on the human brain. Related dioxin-like compounds…
Exposure to Magnetic Field Non-Ionizing Radiation and the Risk of Miscarriage: A Prospective Cohort Study
Magnetic field (MF) non-ionizing radiation is widespread and everyone is exposed to some degree. This prospective cohort study of 913…
Shared genetic origin of asthma, hay fever and eczema elucidates allergic disease biology
Asthma, hay fever (or allergic rhinitis) and eczema (or atopic dermatitis) often coexist in the same individuals, partly because of…
Genome-wide association study and meta-analysis in multiple populations identifies new loci for peanut allergy and establishes c11orf30/EMSY as a genetic risk factor for food allergy
Peanut allergy (PA) is a complex disease with both environmental and genetic risk factors. Previously PA loci were identified in…
Multiple Gene-Environment Interactions on the Angiogenesis Gene-Pathway Impact Rectal Cancer Risk and Survival
Characterization of gene-environment interactions (GEIs) in cancer is limited. We aimed at identifying GEIs in rectal cancer focusing on a…
Age at Pubertal Onset in Girls and Tobacco Smoke Exposure during Pre- and Post-natal Susceptibility Windows
Tobacco smoke contains known hormonally active chemicals and reproductive toxicants. Several studies have examined prenatal maternal smoking and offspring age…
Phenol concentrations during childhood and subsequent measures of adiposity among young girls
Phenolic compounds represent a class of environmental chemicals with potentially endocrine-disrupting capabilities. We investigated longitudinal associations between childhood exposure to…
Prenatal Serum Concentrations of Brominated Flame Retardants and Autism Spectrum Disorder and Intellectual Disability in the Early Markers of Autism Study: A Population-Based Case-Control Study in California
Prior studies suggest neurodevelopmental impacts of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), but few have examined diagnosed developmental disorders. Our aim was…
Urinary bisphenol A and pubertal development in Chinese school-aged girls: a cross-sectional study
Animal studies suggest that bisphenol A (BPA) may perturb pubertal development in females. However, evidence from human studies is limited.…
Chronic and Acute Ozone Exposure in the Week Prior to Delivery Is Associated with the Risk of Stillbirth
Chronic and acute air pollution has been studied in relation to stillbirth with inconsistent findings. We examined stillbirth risk in…
Maternal perchlorate exposure in pregnancy and altered birth outcomes
At high medicinal doses perchlorate is known to decrease the production of thyroid hormone, a critical factor for fetal development.…
Maternal consumption of artificially sweetened beverages during pregnancy, and offspring growth through 7 years of age: a prospective cohort study
Artificial sweeteners are widely replacing caloric sweeteners. Data on long-term impact of artificially sweetened beverage (ASB) consumption during pregnancy on…
Ambient air pollution and risk of gestational hypertension
Air pollution has been linked to hypertension in the general population, but data on gestational hypertension (GH) are limited. We…
Ambient temperature and air quality in relation to small for gestational age and term low birthweight.
BACKGROUND: Exposures to extreme ambient temperature and air pollution are linked to adverse birth outcomes, but the associations with small…
The Pregnancy Environment and Lifestyle Study (PETALS): a population-based longitudinal multi-racial birth cohort
Increasing recognition has been received regarding the proven and suggested links between multi-level environmental exposures on a broad scale (e.g.,…
Ambient Temperature and Early Delivery of Singleton Pregnancies.
BACKGROUND: Extreme temperature is associated with adverse birth outcomes but it is unclear whether it increases early delivery risk.OBJECTIVES: We…
Polychlorinated Biphenyl and Organochlorine Pesticide Concentrations in Maternal Mid-Pregnancy Serum Samples: Association with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Intellectual Disability
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are neurodevelopmental toxicants, but few studies have examined associations with autism spectrum disorder…
Independent Maternal and Fetal Genetic Effects on Mid-gestational Circulating Levels of Environmental Pollutants
Maternal exposure to environmental pollutants could affect fetal brain development and increase autism spectrum disorder (ASD) risk in conjunction with…
Prospective Evaluation of Air Pollution, Cognition and Autism from Birth Onward
This study will examine the relationship between perinatal and early life air pollution exposure and early longitudinal measures of cognitive…
Novel Air Pollution Mapping and Health Disparities in Oakland, CA
The Environmental Defense Fund is collecting air pollution data for high resolution air quality mapping. The study region will include…
Early Life Exposure to Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals and Child Growth, Adiposity, and Neurodevelopment
We hypothesize that in-utero exposures to commonly used endocrine disrupting chemicals, such as PFCs and PBDEs, individually and/or in combination,…
Health Disparities in Cardiovascular Disease Risk: From Genes to Neighborhoods
Specific aim 1: To examine cross-sectional associations between genetic and neighborhood factors, and their interactions (socioeconomic, physical/built, social) in relation…
Temporal Trends in Satellite-Derived Erythemal UVB and Implications for Ambient Sun Exposure Assessment.
Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) has been associated with various health outcomes, including skin cancers, vitamin D insufficiency, and multiple sclerosis. Measurement…
Climate Change and Health: Assessing the Risk of Preterm Delivery
The overall objective of this study is to examine the impact of climate change on the risk of preterm delivery…
Early Life Determinants of Accelerated Pubertal Development in Adolescent Girls
The goal of this research is to identify early life factors which influence the timing of pubertal development among adolescent…
Proximity to major roadways and prospectively-measured time-to-pregnancy and infertility.
We aimed to study the potential impact of proximity to major roadways on time-to-pregnancy and infertility in couples attempting pregnancy…
Prenatal Bisphenol A Exposure and Risk of Gestational Diabetes
This study will enroll 3,350 pregnant women during their first trimester, among whom a prospective nested case-control study of 300…
Genome-wide alteration in DNA hydroxymethylation in the sperm from bisphenol A-exposed men
Environmental BPA exposure has been shown to impact human sperm concentration and motility, as well as rodent spermatogenesis. However, it…
Associations of urinary phthalate and phenol biomarkers with menarche in a multiethnic cohort of young girls
To study potential environmental influences on puberty in girls, we investigated urinary biomarkers in relation to age at menarche. Phenols…
Maternal Exposure to Occupational Asthmagens During Pregnancy and Autism Spectrum Disorder in the Study to Explore Early Development
Maternal immune activity has been linked to children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We examined maternal occupational exposure to asthma-causing…
Mendelian randomization shows a causal effect of low vitamin D on multiple sclerosis risk
We sought to estimate the causal effect of low serum 25(OH)D on multiple sclerosis (MS) susceptibility that is not confounded…
Risk of Autism Associated With Hyperbilirubinemia and Phototherapy
Whether neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and/or phototherapy increase the risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is unclear. We sought to quantify the…
Residential proximity to traffic and female pubertal development
Traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) has been linked with several adverse health outcomes, including preterm birth and low birth weight, which…
Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution and Premature Rupture of Membranes.
Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) is a major factor that predisposes women to preterm delivery. Results from previous studies have…
Air Pollution and Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Nested Case-Control Study among Members of a Northern California Health Plan
Ecologic analyses, case-case comparisons, and animal experiments suggest positive associations between air pollution and tuberculosis. We evaluated this hypothesis in…
Neighborhood deprivation, race/ethnicity, and urinary metal concentrations among young girls in California
Although metals can adversely impact children's health, the distribution of exposures to many metals, particularly among vulnerable subpopulations, is not…
Spatial measurement error and correction by spatial SIMEX in linear regression models when using predicted air pollution exposures
Spatial modeling of air pollution exposures is widespread in air pollution epidemiology research as a way to improve exposure assessment.…
Building the new schoolhouse: the Massachusetts school building authority.
In a 2010 special issue of New Solutions on school health and environment, Paulson and Barnett asked who is responsible…
Sewer Gas: An Indoor Air Source of PCE to Consider During Vapor Intrusion Investigations.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) is finalizing its vapor intrusion guidelines. One of the important issues related to…
Field data and numerical modeling: A multiple lines of evidence approach for assessing vapor intrusion exposure risks.
USEPA recommends a multiple lines of evidence approach to make informed decisions at vapor intrusion sites because the vapor intrusion…
A Bayesian model for quantifying the change in mortality associated with future ozone exposures under climate change
Climate change is expected to have many impacts on the environment, including changes in ozone concentrations at the surface level.…
Health Services Utilization Among Children With and Without Autism Spectrum Disorders
Using data from multiple health systems (2009-2010) and the largest sample to date, this study compares health services use among…
Fetal exposure to maternal stress and risk for schizophrenia spectrum disorders among offspring: Differential influences of fetal sex
Exposure to adverse life events during pregnancy has been linked to increased risk of schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) in offspring.…
Peripheral Blood Leukocyte Production of BDNF following Mitogen Stimulation in Early Onset and Regressive Autism
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is critical for neuronal differentiation and synaptic development. BDNF is also implicated in the development of…
Presence of an epigenetic signature of prenatal cigarette smoke exposure in childhood
Prenatal exposure to tobacco smoke has lifelong health consequences. Epigenetic signatures such as differences in DNA methylation (DNAm) may be…
Maternal Infection During Pregnancy and Autism Spectrum Disorders
We conducted a nested case-control study including 407 cases and 2,075 frequency matched controls to investigate the association between maternal…
Relationship between self-reported residential indoor remodeling and semen quality: a case-control study
The present study examined the association between residential indoor remodeling and poor semen quality. Sperm donors aged 18-45 years old…
Thyroid Hormones and Moderate Exposure to Perchlorate during Pregnancy in Women in Southern California
Findings from national surveys suggest that everyone in the US is exposed to perchlorate. At high doses, perchlorate, thiocyanate, and…
Brominated Flame Retardants and Other Persistent Organohalogenated Compounds in Relation to Timing of Puberty in a Longitudinal Study of Girls
Exposure to hormonally active chemicals could plausibly affect pubertal timing, so we are investigating this in the Breast Cancer and…
Associations between Bisphenol A Exposure and Reproductive Hormones among Female Workers
The associations between Bisphenol-A (BPA) exposure and reproductive hormone levels among women are unclear. A cross-sectional study was conducted among…
Contribution of the Neighborhood Environment and Obesity to Breast Cancer Survival: The California Breast Cancer Survivorship Consortium
Little is known about neighborhood attributes that may influence opportunities for healthy eating and physical activity in relation to breast…
Maternal ambient air pollution exposure preconception and during early gestation and offspring congenital orofacial defects.
BACKGROUND: Maternal air pollution exposure has been related to orofacial clefts but the literature is equivocal. Potential chronic preconception effects…
Marriage and parenthood in relation to obesogenic neighborhood trajectories: The CARDIA study
Marriage and parenthood are associated with weight gain and residential mobility. Little is known about how obesity-relevant environmental contexts differ…
Consequences of kriging and land use regression for PM2.5 predictions in epidemiologic analyses: insights into spatial variability using high-resolution satellite data
Many epidemiological studies use predicted air pollution exposures as surrogates for true air pollution levels. These predicted exposures contain exposure…
Perinatal oxytocin increases the risk of offspring bipolar disorder and childhood cognitive impairment
We tested the hypothesis that perinatal oxytocin, given to pregnant women to induce labor, is related to offspring bipolar disorder…
Exposure to bisphenol-A and reproductive hormones among male adults
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a suspected human endocrine disruptor which is widely used. In order to determine whether urine BPA…
Risk factors for sun exposure during spring break among college students
In order to look at college students' behavioral practices prior to a sunny vacation (during spring break) along with their…
Sun sensitivity and sunburns as related to cutaneous melanoma among populations of Spanish descent: a meta-analysis.
Few studies have examined sun sensitivity risk factors for cutaneous melanoma specifically in populations of Spanish descent. Previous searches were…
Interaction between passive smoking and two HLA genes with regard to multiple sclerosis risk
The recently described interaction between smoking, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DRB1*15 and absence of HLA-A*02 with regard to multiple sclerosis…
Familial Recurrence of Autism Spectrum Disorder: Evaluating Genetic and Environmental Contributions
This study was designed to examine the pattern of familial recurrence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in terms of genetic…
Obesity during childhood and adolescence increases susceptibility to multiple sclerosis after accounting for established genetic and environmental risk factors
To investigate the association between obesity and multiple sclerosis (MS) while accounting for established genetic and environmental risk factors. Participants…
Prenatal and neonatal peripheral blood mercury levels and autism spectrum disorders
Prenatal and early-life exposures to mercury have been hypothesized to be associated with increased risk of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs).…
Dietary predictors of urinary environmental biomarkers in young girls, BCERP, 2004-7
Exposures of children to phthalates, parabens, and bisphenol-A (BPA) are of concern because of their hormonal potential. These agents are…
Smoking and Risk of Multiple Sclerosis: Evidence of Modification by NAT1 Variants
Tobacco smoke is an established risk factor for multiple sclerosis (MS). We hypothesized that variation in genes involved in metabolism…
Adverse socioeconomic position during the life course is associated with multiple sclerosis
Adverse socioeconomic position (SEP) in childhood and adulthood is associated with a proinflammatory phenotype, and therefore an important exposure to…
Considering the Value of Dietary Assessment Data in Informing Nutrition-Related Health Policy
Dietary assessment has long been known to be challenged by measurement error. A substantial amount of literature on methods for…
Phthalate exposure and pubertal development in a longitudinal study of US girls
Does phthalate exposure during early childhood alter the timing of pubertal development in girls? Urinary concentrations of high-molecular weight phthalate…
Determining Source Strength of Semivolatile Organic Compounds using Measured Concentrations in Indoor Dust
Consumer products and building materials emit a number of semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs) in the indoor environment. Because indoor SVOCs…
Mitochondrial haplogroups modify the effect of black carbon on age-related cognitive impairment
BACKGROUND:Traffic-related air pollution has been linked with impaired cognition in older adults, possibly due to effects of oxidative stress on…
Serological Documentation of Maternal Influenza Exposure and Bipolar Disorder in Adult Offspring
The authors examined whether serologically confirmed maternal exposure to influenza was associated with an increased risk of bipolar disorder in…
Oral Bisphenol A (BPA) given to rats at moderate doses is associated with erectile dysfunction, cavernosal lipofibrosis and alterations of global gene transcription
Bisphenol A (BPA), a suspected reproductive biohazard and endocrine disruptor, released from plastics is associated with ED in occupationally exposed…
Correlation between Exposure to Magnetic Fields and Embryonic Development in the First Trimester
To explore the correlation between maternal magnetic field (MF) exposure in daily life and embryonic development. A cross-sectional study was…
Serum biomarkers of polyfluoroalkyl compound exposure in young girls in Greater Cincinnati and the San Francisco Bay Area, USA
PFC serum concentrations were measured in 6-8 year-old girls in Greater Cincinnati (GC) (N = 353) and the San Francisco…
LINE-1 hypomethylation in spermatozoa is associated with Bisphenol A exposure
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disruptor with potentially harmful effects on humans. However, epigenetic mechanisms that modulate the effects…
Chronic High Dose Intraperitoneal Bisphenol A (BPA) Induces Substantial Histological and Gene Expression Alterations in Rat Penile Tissue Without Impairing Erectile Function
Bisphenol A (BPA), released from plastics and dental sealants, is a suspected endocrine disruptor and reproductive toxicant. In occupationally exposed…
Maternal smoking during pregnancy and bipolar disorder in offspring
OBJECTIVE: Maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with a number of adverse externalizing outcomes for offspring from childhood to adulthood.…
Associations between ambient air pollution and prevalence of stroke and cardiovascular diseases in 33 Chinese communities
Inconsistent results have been reported that long-term exposure to ambient air pollution contributes to the increased prevalence of stroke and…
Gestational Influenza and Bipolar Disorder in Adult Offspring
IMPORTANCE: Gestational influenza has been associated previously with schizophrenia in offspring, but the relationship between this exposure and bipolar disorder…
Housing Instability and Incident Hypertension in the CARDIA Cohort
Housing instability, a growing public health problem, may be an independent environmental risk factor for hypertension, but limited prospective data…
Modification by hemochromatosis gene polymorphisms of the association between traffic-related air pollution and cognition in older men: a cohort study
BACKGROUND:Previous studies found effect modification of associations between traffic-related air pollution and cardiovascular outcomes by polymorphisms in the hemochromatosis gene…
Use of Birth Certificates to Examine Maternal Occupational Exposures and Autism Spectrum Disorders in Offspring
The continuing rise in the prevalence of autism spectrum disorders has led to heightened interest in the role of nongenetic…
A pooled analysis of smoking and colorectal cancer: timing of exposure and interactions with environmental factors
BACKGROUND: Considerable evidence suggests that cigarette smoking is associated with a higher risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). What is unclear,…
Association between long-term exposure to traffic particles and blood pressure in the Veterans Administration Normative Aging Study
OBJECTIVES:Particulate air pollution is associated with cardiovascular events, but the mechanisms are not fully understood. The main objective was to…
Low maternal retinol as a risk factor for schizophrenia in adult offspring
BACKGROUND: Prenatal micronutrient deficiency has been linked to later development of schizophrenia among offspring; however, no study has specifically investigated…
Residential black carbon exposure and circulating markers of systemic inflammation in elderly males: the normative aging study
BACKGROUND:Traffic-related particles (TRPs) are associated with adverse cardiovascular events. The exact mechanisms are unclear, but systemic inflammatory responses likely play…
A Prospective Study of In-utero Exposure to Magnetic Fields and the Risk of Childhood Obesity
We conducted a prospective study to examine whether in-utero exposure to magnetic fields (MFs) increases the risk of childhood obesity.…
Genetic Heritability and Shared Environmental Factors Among Twin Pairs With Autism
CONTEXT: Autism is considered the most heritable of neurodevelopmental disorders, mainly because of the large difference in concordance rates between…
A case-control study of asphalt and tar exposure and lung cancer in minorities
OBJECTIVES: Considerable controversy surrounds the carcinogenic potential of asphalt and tar. Since minority individuals may have had relatively high historical…
In utero exposure to bisphenol-A and anogenital distance of male offspring
BACKGROUND: Bisphenol-A (BPA) is an endocrine disruptor with widespread human exposure. The effect of in utero BPA exposure on human…
In utero exposure to bisphenol-A and its effect on birth weight of offspring
To examine the effect of in utero BPA exposure on the birth weight of offspring, a total of 587 children…
Ambient pollutants, polymorphisms associated with microRNA processing and adhesion molecules: the Normative Aging Study
BACKGROUND:Particulate air pollution has been associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, but it remains unclear which time windows and pollutant…
Maternal serum docosahexaenoic acid and schizophrenia spectrum disorders in adult offspring
It is believed that during mid-to-late gestation, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an n-3 fatty acid, plays an important role in fetal…
Traffic-related air pollution and cognitive function in a cohort of older men
BACKGROUND:Traffic-related particles induce oxidative stress and may exert adverse effects on central nervous system function, which could manifest as cognitive…
Medium-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution and markers of inflammation and endothelial function
BACKGROUND:Exposure to traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) contributes to increased cardiovascular risk. Land-use regression models can improve exposure assessment for TRAP.OBJECTIVES:We…
Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) exposure in mothers and time to pregnancy in daughters
Developmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) disrupts reproduction in animals. Human data are lacking. We measured PCBs in preserved mothers'…
Urine bisphenol-A (BPA) level in relation to semen quality
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether urine bisphenol-A (BPA) levels are associated with lower semen quality. DESIGN: Cohort study. SETTING: Four regions…
Relationship between urine bisphenol-A level and declining male sexual function
The adverse effect of bisphenol-A (BPA) on the male reproductive system observed in animal studies has not been well examined…
Structural brain alterations in schizophrenia following fetal exposure to the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-8
BACKGROUND: Maternal infection during pregnancy has been repeatedly associated with increased risk for schizophrenia. Nevertheless, most viruses do not cross…
Body burdens of brominated flame retardants and other persistent organo-halogenated compounds and their descriptors in US girls
BACKGROUND: Levels of brominated flame retardants are increasing in US populations, yet little data are available on body burdens of…
Occupational exposure to bisphenol-A (BPA) and the risk of self-reported male sexual dysfunction
BACKGROUND: Animal studies have suggested that bisphenol-A (BPA) is a potential human endocrine disrupter; but evidence from human studies is…
Measuring the neighborhood environment: associations with young girls’ energy intake and expenditure in a cross-sectional study
ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Neighborhood environments affect children's health outcomes. Observational methods used to assess neighborhoods can be categorized as indirect, intermediate,…
Passive smoke exposure and circulating carotenoids in the CARDIA study
Background/Aims: Our objective was to assess associations between passive smoke exposure in various venues and serum carotenoid concentrations. Methods: CARDIA…
Exposure to magnetic fields and the risk of poor sperm quality
We conducted a population-based case-control study among healthy sperm donors to study exposure to magnetic fields (MFs) and poor sperm…
Bisphenol A levels in blood and urine in a Chinese population and the personal factors affecting the levels
The objective of the study was to describe the background bisphenol A (BPA) levels in urine and serum of a…
Occupational exposure levels of bisphenol A among Chinese workers
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to assess ambient Bisphenol A (BPA) levels in workplaces and urine BPA levels…
Occupational exposures and the risk of COPD: dusty trades revisited
BACKGROUND: The contribution of occupational exposures to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and, in particular, their potential interaction with cigarette…
Ozone exposure, antioxidant genes, and lung function in an elderly cohort: VA normative aging study.
BACKGROUND:Ozone (O3) exposure is known to cause oxidative stress. This study investigated the acute effects of O(3) on lung function…
Maternal Rh D status, anti-D immune globulin exposure during pregnancy, and risk of autism spectrum disorders
OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to investigate the association between maternal Rh D status, prenatal exposure to anti-D…
Congenital anomalies and early functional impairments in a prospective birth cohort: risk of schizophrenia-spectrum disorder in adulthood
BACKGROUND: Adversities operating over intrauterine life have been associated with risk of schizophrenia, but the biology of resultant developmental perturbation…
Ozone exposure and lung function: effect modified by obesity and airways hyperresponsiveness in the VA normative aging study
BACKGROUND:Ozone has heterogeneous effects on lung function. We investigated whether obesity and airways hyperresponsiveness (AHR) modify the acute effects of…
Passive smoke exposure trends and workplace policy in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study (1985-2001)
OBJECTIVE: There has been reduced active smoking, decreased societal acceptance for smoking indoors, and changing smoking policy since the mid-1980s.…
Pilot study of urinary biomarkers of phytoestrogens, phthalates, and phenols in girls
BACKGROUND: Hormonally active environmental agents have been measured among U.S. children using exposure biomarkers in urine. However, little is known…
Infection in the first 2 years of life and autism spectrum disorders
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this work was to investigate the association between infections in the first 2 years and subsequent…
Autism spectrum disorders in relation to distribution of hazardous air pollutants in the san francisco bay area
OBJECTIVE: To explore possible associations between autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and environmental exposures, we linked the California autism surveillance system…
Outdoor falls among middle-aged and older adults: a neglected public health problem
OBJECTIVES: Although risk factors for indoor falls among older individuals have been well studied, little is known about the etiology…
The CHARGE study: an epidemiologic investigation of genetic and environmental factors contributing to autism
Causes and contributing factors for autism are poorly understood. Evidence suggests that prevalence is rising, but the extent to which…
Use of a dummy (pacifier) during sleep and risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS): population based case-control study
OBJECTIVES: To examine the association between use of a dummy (pacifier) during sleep and the risk of sudden infant death…
Maternal exposure to toxoplasmosis and risk of schizophrenia in adult offspring
OBJECTIVE: The authors examined the relationship between maternal antibody to toxoplasmosis and the risk of schizophrenia and other schizophrenia spectrum…
Identifying environmental contributions to autism: provocative clues and false leads
The potential role of environmental factors in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is an area of emerging interest within the public…
Cohort study of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and risk of first ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack
The independent effect of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS; passive smoking) on the risk of stroke is not well…
Hot tub use during pregnancy and the risk of miscarriage
To examine whether hot tub or whirlpool bath use during pregnancy increases the risk of miscarriage, the authors conducted a…
DDT and DDE exposure in mothers and time to pregnancy in daughters
Reproductive-tract anomalies after administration of the potent oestrogen, diethylstilboestrol, in pregnant women raised concerns about the reproductive effects of exposure…
Air pollution and hospital admissions for ischemic heart disease in persons with congestive heart failure or arrhythmia
We examined whether ischemic heart disease (IHD) hospital admissions were associated with air pollutants in those with and without secondary…
Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke: association with personal characteristics and self reported health conditions
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and demographic, lifestyle, occupational characteristics and self…
The epidemiology of mental retardation of unknown cause
OBJECTIVE: To describe selected infant and maternal characteristics for children with mild and severe mental retardation (MR) of unknown cause.…
Neuropeptides and neurotrophins in neonatal blood of children with autism or mental retardation
There has been little exploration of major biologic regulators of cerebral development in autism. In archived neonatal blood of children…
Maternal exposure to nitrate from drinking water and diet and risk for neural tube defects
In this population-based case-control study conducted in California between June 1989 and May 1991, the authors investigated the association between…
Multiple myeloma: relation to propoxyphene and other drugs, radiation and occupation
A case-control study involving 327 cases of multiple myeloma (MM) did not confirm that propoxyphene use is a predisposing factor.…
