Arasu, Vignesh
Research interests include breast cancer, risk-based screening, and artificial intelligence and computer vision deep learning.
Advance Alert Monitor Operations
The Systems Research Initiative will provide project management and operational consultation for the spread of the Advance Alert Monitor within…
Effectiveness of Screening Colonoscopy in Reducing Deaths from Colorectal Cancer (SCOLAR)
A case-control study to evaluate the associations between commonly performed tests (e.g. colonoscopy) and mortality from colon cancer.
Optimizing Colonoscopy and Fecal Immunochemical Tests for Community-Based Screening, COLOFIT(S)
An evaluation of the entire colorectal cancer screening process to optimize end results. The study includes evaluation of screen-failures (persons…
Screening for Youth Alcohol and Drug Use: A Study of Primary Care Providers
This is a renewal of a study in which we examioned barriers and facilitators to intervening with alcohol and drug…
Influence of Age and Comorbidity on Colorectal Cancer Screening in the Elderly
Expert recommendations differ for colorectal cancer screening in the elderly. Recent studies suggest that healthy adults aged >75 years may…
Costs of care for persons with opioid dependence in commercial integrated health systems
When used in general medical practices, buprenorphine is an effective treatment for opioid dependence, yet little is known about how…
Variation in Screening Abnormality Rates and Follow-Up of Breast, Cervical and Colorectal Cancer Screening within the PROSPR Consortium
Primary care providers and health systems have prominent roles in guiding effective cancer screening. To characterize variation in screening abnormality…
Effect of Early Adult Patterns of Physical Activity and Television Viewing on Midlife Cognitive Function
Sedentary behaviors and physical inactivity are not only increasing worldwide but also are critical risk factors for adverse health outcomes.…
Association of Fitness With Incident Dyslipidemias Over 25 Years in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study
Few studies have examined the longitudinal associations of fitness or changes in fitness on the risk of developing dyslipidemias. This…
Pleiotropic analysis of cancer risk loci on esophageal adenocarcinoma risk
Several cancer-associated loci identified from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been associated with risks of multiple cancer sites, suggesting pleiotropic…
Fitness Change Effects on Midlife Metabolic Outcomes: The CARDIA Study
Fitness decline, high body mass index (BMI), and insulin resistance (IR) are associated with worsening cardiometabolic risk factors prospectively; modification…
Preventable Major Cardiovascular Events Associated With Uncontrolled Glucose, Blood Pressure, and Lipids and Active Smoking in Adults With Diabetes With and Without Cardiovascular Disease: A Contemporary Analysis
The objective of this study was to assess the incidence of major cardiovascular (CV) hospitalization events and all-cause deaths among…
Assessing bowel preparation quality using the mean number of adenomas per colonoscopy
The quality of the bowel preparation directly influences colonoscopy effectiveness. Quality indicators are widely employed to monitor operator performance and…
Alcohol and the Risk of Barrett’s Esophagus: A Pooled Analysis from the International BEACON Consortium
Results from studies examining the association between alcohol consumption and the risk of Barrett's esophagus have been inconsistent. We assessed…
Healthy Lifestyle Change and Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Young Adults: Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study
The benefits of healthy habits are well established, but it is unclear whether making health behavior changes as an adult…
The Colorectal Cancer Screening Process in Community Settings: A Conceptual Model for the Population-Based Research Optimizing Screening through Personalized Regimens Consortium
Reducing colorectal cancer mortality by promoting screening has been a national goal for two decades. The NCI's Population-Based Research Optimizing…
Cardiorespiratory fitness and cognitive function in middle age: The CARDIA Study
To investigate whether greater cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is associated with better cognitive function 25 years later. We studied 2,747 participants…
Promotion of Lung Health: NHLBI Workshop on the Primary Prevention of Chronic Lung Diseases
Lung-related research primarily focuses on the etiology and management of diseases. In recent years, interest in primary prevention has grown.…
Exercise as a Vital Sign: A Quasi-Experimental Analysis of a Health System Intervention to Collect Patient-Reported Exercise Levels
Lack of regular physical activity is highly prevalent in U.S. adults and significantly increases mortality risk. To examine the clinical…
HIV/HCV coinfection ameliorates the atherogenic lipoprotein abnormalities of HIV infection
Higher levels of small low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and lower levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subclasses have been associated with increased…
Approaches for classifying the indications for colonoscopy using detailed clinical data
Accurate indication classification is critical for obtaining unbiased estimates of colonoscopy effectiveness and quality improvement efforts, but there is a…
Uncontrolled confounding in studies of screening effectiveness: an example of colonoscopy
To estimate the expected magnitude of error produced by uncontrolled confounding from health behaviours in observational medical record-based studies evaluating…
Body mass index in relation to oesophageal and oesophagogastric junction adenocarcinomas: a pooled analysis from the International BEACON Consortium
BACKGROUND: Previous studies suggest an association between obesity and oesophageal (OA) and oesophagogastric junction adenocarcinomas (OGJA). However, these studies have…
Detection of Atrial Fibrillation After Stroke and the Risk of Recurrent Stroke
Failure to expeditiously diagnose atrial fibrillation (AF) as the cause of ischemic stroke has unclear consequences. We studied the association…
Diabetes differentially affects depression and self-rated health by age in the U.S
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the relationship between age and physical and mental health varies by diabetes status in older U.S.…
Does increased experience with laparoscopic cholecystectomy yield more complex bile duct injuries?
BACKGROUND: Two decades since the advent of laparoscopic cholecystectomy, the rate of bile duct injuries still remains higher than in…
Correlates of Heart Rate Recovery Over 20 Years in a Healthy Population Sample
INTRODUCTION: Slow HR recovery (HRR) from a graded exercise treadmill test (GXT) is a marker of impaired parasympathetic reactivation that…
Study Protocol: The Back pain Outcomes using Longitudinal Data (BOLD) Registry
BACKGROUND: Back pain is one of the most important causes of functional limitation, disability, and utilization of health care resources…
Preventive care and health behaviors among overweight/obese men in HMOs
OBJECTIVES: To examine potential weight-related disparities in receipt of preventive screening exams and to compare several quality indicators and health…
Physical activity in older subjects is associated with increased coronary vasodilation: the ADVANCE study
OBJECTIVES: We investigated the association between physical activity and coronary vasodilation to nitroglycerin (NTG) in the ADVANCE (Atherosclerotic Disease, Vascular…
Healthy lifestyles related to subsequent prevalence of age-related macular degeneration
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationships between lifestyle behaviors of diet, smoking, and physical activity and the subsequent prevalence of age-related…
Maintaining a high physical activity level over 20 years and weight gain
CONTEXT: Data supporting physical activity guidelines to prevent long-term weight gain are sparse, particularly during the period when the highest…
Low cardiovascular risk is associated with favorable left ventricular mass, left ventricular relative wall thickness, and left atrial size: the CARDIA study
BACKGROUND: Echocardiographic measures of left ventricular (LV) mass and relative wall thickness and left atrial (LA) size predict future cardiovascular…
Medical comorbidities predict mortality in women with a history of early stage breast cancer
This analysis was conducted to determine whether comorbid medical conditions predict additional breast cancer events and all-cause mortality in women…
Body burdens of brominated flame retardants and other persistent organo-halogenated compounds and their descriptors in US girls
BACKGROUND: Levels of brominated flame retardants are increasing in US populations, yet little data are available on body burdens of…
Validation of the Stanford Brief Activity Survey: examining psychological factors and physical activity levels in older adults
BACKGROUND: This study examined the construct validity and reliability of the new 2-item Stanford Brief Activity Survey (SBAS). METHODS: Secondary…
A walk (or cycle) to the park: active transit to neighborhood amenities, the CARDIA study
BACKGROUND: Building on known associations between active commuting and reduced cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, this study examines active transit to…
Physical fitness and carotid atherosclerosis in men
We investigated the association between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and carotid atherosclerosis in 9 871 Korean men aged 40-81 years. We…
Survival differences by race/ethnicity and treatment for localized hepatocellular carcinoma within the United States
Racial differences among hepatocellular carcinoma survival have been reported, but the etiology behind these disparities remains unclear. Using multi-variable logistic…
Active commuting and cardiovascular disease risk: the CARDIA study
BACKGROUND: There is little research on the association of lifestyle exercise, such as active commuting (walking or biking to work),…
Utilization of TCD screening for primary stroke prevention in children with sickle cell disease
BACKGROUND: In 1998, the Stroke Prevention Trial in Sickle Cell Anemia showed a >90% reduction in stroke rates after blood…
Cardiorespiratory fitness and coronary artery calcification in young adults: The CARDIA Study
Whether cardiorespiratory fitness relates to early subclinical atherosclerotic vascular disease remains unknown. We investigated the relation of cardiorespiratory fitness to…
Prevalence and progression of subclinical atherosclerosis in younger adults with low short-term but high lifetime estimated risk for cardiovascular disease: the coronary artery risk development in young adults study and multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis
BACKGROUND: We hypothesized that individuals with low 10-year but high lifetime cardiovascular disease risk would have a greater burden of…
Fifteen-year longitudinal trends in walking patterns and their impact on weight change
BACKGROUND: Although walking is the most popular leisure-time activity for adults, few long-term, longitudinal studies have examined the association between…
Prehypertension during young adulthood and coronary calcium later in life
BACKGROUND: High blood pressure in middle age is a well-established risk factor for cardiovascular disease, but the consequences of low-level…
Pulmonary function and the risk of functional limitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
The authors' objective was to analyze the impact of respiratory impairment on the risk of physical functional limitations among adults…
Childbearing may increase visceral adipose tissue independent of overall increase in body fat
OBJECTIVE: To examine whether childbearing is associated with increased visceral adiposity and whether the increase is proportionally larger than other…
Postpolypectomy colonoscopy surveillance guidelines: predictive accuracy for advanced adenoma at 4 years
BACKGROUND: Lack of confidence in postpolypectomy surveillance guidelines may be a factor in the observed low adherence rates among providers.…
Correlates of screening sigmoidoscopy use among men in a large nonprofit health plan
BACKGROUND: As the majority of patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer have no known risk factors, regular screening is strongly recommended.…
Creating a culture of research
There is widespread concern about the ability of the current model of clinical research to keep pace with the growing…
Body composition and functional limitation in COPD
BACKGROUND: Low body mass index has been associated with increased mortality in severe COPD. The impact of body composition earlier…
The influence of cigarette smoking on adult asthma outcomes
Despite having a chronic respiratory disease, adults with asthma do not appear to selectively avoid smoking. We used data from…
Physical activity and dementia: The need for prevention trials
Dementia is a common and debilitating disease that will increase dramatically for the next 50 years unless a prevention or…
New-onset diabetes and pancreatic cancer
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Although many individuals with pancreatic cancer have diabetes, the association between new-onset diabetes mellitus and the subsequent…
Validation of a new brief physical activity survey among men and women aged 60-69 years
The Stanford Brief Activity Survey (SBAS), a new two-item physical activity survey, and the Stanford Seven-Day Physical Activity Recall (PAR)…
The study of fat redistribution and metabolic change in HIV infection (FRAM): methods, design, and sample characteristics
The Study of Fat Redistribution and Metabolic Change in HIV Infection (FRAM), initiated in 2000, investigates the prevalence and correlates…
The association of cigarette smoking with self-reported disease before middle age: the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study
BACKGROUND: Evidence that demonstrates the harmful effect of cigarette smoking during young adulthood is limited. Therefore, we assessed associations between…
Barriers to routine gynecological cancer screening for White and African-American obese women
BACKGROUND: Obese women are reported to be at higher risk from gynecological cancers than nonobese women, yet these women are…
Risk factors for pelvis fracture in older persons
From 1996 to 2001, the authors undertook a case-control study of 192 pelvis fracture cases (men and women) and 2,402…
Community providers’ views of alcohol and drug problems
This study contrasts community health and social service providers' views on alcohol vs. other drug abuse. A probability sample of…
A longitudinal study of physical activity and heart rate recovery: CARDIA, 1987-1993
PURPOSE: Autonomic nervous system function may be a mechanism by which frequent physical activity is associated with better coronary heart…
Causes and demographic, medical, lifestyle and psychosocial predictors of premature mortality: the CARDIA study
We examined the 16-year mortality experience among participants in the baseline examination (1985-86) of the Coronary Artery Risk Development in…
Immigration and acculturation in relation to health and health-related risk factors among specific Asian subgroups in a health maintenance organization
OBJECTIVES: We sought to determine how risk factors for disease vary among Asian subgroups. METHODS: Using data from a case-control…
Risk factors for the metabolic syndrome: the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study, 1985-2001
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to describe the association of the metabolic syndrome with demographic characteristics and to…
Characteristics of fallers who fracture at the foot, distal forearm, proximal humerus, pelvis, and shaft of the tibia/fibula compared with fallers who do not fracture
This case-control study examined the relation of circumstances of falls and characteristics of fallers with risk of fractures at five…
Cardiorespiratory fitness in young adulthood and the development of cardiovascular disease risk factors
CONTEXT: Low cardiorespiratory fitness is an established risk factor for cardiovascular and total mortality; however, mechanisms responsible for these associations…
Left-handedness as a risk factor for fractures
Left-handedness has been associated with increased fracture risk in a small number of previous studies. This study reports risks for…
Reproductive health counseling at pregnancy testing: a pilot study
OBJECTIVES: To pilot brief reproductive health counseling for women obtaining pregnancy testing in a managed-care setting who did not desire…
Out-of-pocket costs and diabetes preventive services: the Translating Research Into Action for Diabetes (TRIAD) study
OBJECTIVE: Despite the increased shifting of health care costs to consumers, little is known about the impact of financial barriers…
Hospitalization for suicide attempt and completed suicide: epidemiological features in a managed care population
BACKGROUND: Understanding factors that contribute to high suicide risk holds important implications for prevention. We aimed to examine the sociodemographic…
Evaluating hypertension control in a managed care setting
BACKGROUND: We conducted a retrospective cohort study on a random sample of adult patients with hypertension in a large health…
Seven-year changes in physical fitness, physical activity, and lipid profile in the CARDIA study. Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults
PURPOSE: To relate seven year changes in physical fitness and physical activity in the young adult population to changes in…
