Depletion of Susceptibles Bias in Analyses of Intra-season Waning of Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness

Bias arises in studies of waning vaccine effectiveness when higher-risk individuals are depleted from the at-risk population at different rates between study groups. We examined how this bias arises and how to avoid it. A reanalysis of data from California confirmed a finding of intra-season waning of influenza vaccine effectiveness.

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