Effects of COVID-19 shelter-in-place confinement on diabetes prevention health behaviors among US adults with prediabetes: A cross-sectional survey
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in significant lifestyle changes due to shelter-in-place confinement orders. The study's purpose was to assess if the COVID-19 pandemic affected self-reported diabetes prevention behaviors among American adults with prediabetes. As part of…
Identifying Predictors of Homelessness Among Adults in a Large Integrated Health System in Northern California
Introduction Homelessness contributes to worsening health and increased health care costs. There is little published research that leverages rich electronic health record (EHR) data to predict future homelessness risk and inform interventions to address it. The authors' objective was to…
5 Questions for…Luis A. Rodriguez
Identifying modifiable obesogenic behaviors among Latino adolescents in primary pediatric care.
Latino adolescents engage in more obesogenic behaviors, including sedentary behaviors and sugary drink consumption, than White adolescents. However, it is unclear whether engagement in obesogenic behaviors differs within the Latino population. Cross-sectional data were examined from Latino adolescents ages 13-17…
Trends in Diabetes Screening, Risk Factors and Incidence Before and After the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic Between the California Medi-Cal and Commercially-Insured Populations
Using quasi-experimental research methods, this study is assessing the extent to which disparities in type 2 diabetes prevention and outcomes were exacerbated during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic between the Medi-Cal and commercially-insured populations. The career development plan for…
Psychosocial and diabetes risk factors among racially/ethnically diverse adults with prediabetes
Psychosocial factors such as self-efficacy may be important in helping high-risk adults prevent diabetes. We aimed to describe psychosocial and diabetes risk factors in adults with prediabetes and evaluate if these varied by demographic characteristics. Cross-sectional data came from baseline…
Does NAFLD Mediate the Relationship Between Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Risk? Evidence from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)
To estimate the effect of obesity on type 2 diabetes (T2DM) risk and evaluate to what extent non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) mediates this association. Data came from 4,522 adults ages 45-84 participating in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis cohort.…
Predicting Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease for Adults Using Practical Clinical Measures: Evidence from the Multi-ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.
BACKGROUND: Many adults have risk factors for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Screening all adults with risk factors for NAFLD using imaging is not feasible. OBJECTIVE: To develop a practical scoring tool for predicting NAFLD using participant demographics, medical history,…
New class of early career researchers set to improve health care delivery
Examining if the relationship between BMI and incident type 2 diabetes among middle-older aged adults varies by race/ethnicity: evidence from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).
AIMS: Disparities persist on the prevalence of undiagnosed type 2 diabetes in racial/ethnic minorities in the USA. This study evaluated the association between BMI and incident type 2 diabetes risk by racial/ethnic group, to determine whether BMI and presence of…
Design of a cluster-randomized trial of the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of metformin on prevention of type 2 diabetes among prediabetic Mexican adults (the PRuDENTE initiative of Mexico City).
INTRODUCTION: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a global epidemic, and nations are struggling to implement effective healthcare strategies to reduce the burden. While efficacy studies demonstrate that metformin can reduce incident T2D by half among younger, obese adults with prediabetes,…
Differences in Diet Quality among Multiple US Racial/Ethnic Groups from the Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America (MASALA) Study and the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).
BACKGROUND: Diet quality is an important risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Little is known about the diet quality of South Asians in the United States, a group with higher rates of T2D and CVD…
Diabetes and cardiovascular disease mortality among a population-based cohort of women with and without breast cancer.
PURPOSE: We investigated whether the relationship between diabetes and all-cause and CVD-related mortality differed between women with and without breast cancer among a cohort drawn from the same source population. METHODS: We interviewed 1,363 women newly diagnosed with breast cancer…
Vegetarian Diets Are Associated with Selected Cardiometabolic Risk Factors among Middle-Older Aged South Asians in the United States.
Background: Following a vegetarian diet is considered to be beneficial for overall health and is associated with a lower risk of chronic disease. Objective: This study examined whether South Asians in the United States who consume a vegetarian diet have…
Collaborative research and actions on both sides of the US-Mexico border to counteract type 2 diabetes in people of Mexican origin.
BACKGROUND: Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) is now a massive epidemic in both California and Mexico, with serious consequences for social and economic well-being. A large proportion of these populations share common ethnic backgrounds. Yet diverse environmental and social conditions across…
Health and economic benefits of reducing sugar intake in the USA, including effects via non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a microsimulation model.
OBJECTIVES: Excessive consumption of added sugars in the human diet has been associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), coronary heart disease (CHD) and other elements of the metabolic syndrome. Recent studies have shown that non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)…
Dietary quality and household food insecurity among Mexican children and adolescents.
Seventy percent of Mexican households experience some level of food insecurity (FI). Studies have shown positive associations between FI and poor dietary quality. As far as it is known, this is the first time the Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2010) has…
Added sugar intake and metabolic syndrome in US adolescents: cross-sectional analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2012.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between added sugar intake and metabolic syndrome among adolescents. DESIGN: Dietary, serum biomarker, anthropometric and physical activity data from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cycles between 2005 and 2012 were analysed using…
Dietary treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is increasing in prevalence, in tandem with the U.S. obesity epidemic, in both children and adults. Identifying specific dietary components that drive NASH is important for successful management of this disease. RECENT FINDINGS: Weight…
